Improvement in ptjmps



` MPETERS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAPMER. WASHINGTON D C KPETERS. PHOTO-LITHQGRAFHER WASHINGTON D C N ii'niird Stairs JOSEPH W. DOUGLAS. for MIDDLETOWN, CONNECTICUT, AssIeNCB. TO W.-

viron cylinder.

@sind (itjiiiirr.

e B. DOUGLAS.

` V Lederimitat No. 97,767, cated December 1,4, lsc'e.

IMPROVEMENT I [N PUMPS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making pag: oi the sameV Be it known that I, JOSEPH W. DOUGLAS, of Middletown, in 4the county, of Middlesex, and` State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Devices in the Manufacture of' Iron Pumps, l Hydraulie Rams, and their equivalents, for' pumping for earthen material, which shall prevent the metal from rusting, and preserve, at the same time, thewater-from being" diffused with particles of iron-rust and colored, and thus deteriorated.

There is another defect in the use of iron pumps,

specially applicable to forcepumps and hydraulic rams, and to all hydraulic apparatus where air-chambers are used. These air-chambers of cast-iron, from the porous condition of the metal, willso leak air, that in a few days the air will escape lthroughthe pores of the met-al,- nndll the chamber `with water.

There isstill another evil from the use of the naked It is its ele'cts on .the 4leather valvepiece and packing, which material absorbs into rits pores the diffused iron-rust of the lwater, which hardens the leather until it becomesbrittle, tender, and soon requires to be renewed, whereas, in pure Water, the leather remains pliable for years.

To counteract and obviate 'these evils, is the design of the invention described.

The coating of iron is done by rst cleaning the metal with sulphuric or-lnuriatic acid, to remove oxide and foreign matter, and then washing with clean water. ground together and-made of a creamy consistence with water, and laid on the surface With a br'uslnand when dry, the .metal and composition are removed to van namellers oven, and heated' till the composition is used.

The compounds used are various. P ure White sand, bOraX, felspar, 4and clay, in equal parts, are a popular compound, and when brushed on and dried, and

.then covered with a paste of equal parts of carbonate of soda and felspar, and dried, the product is said to be very good.

In the drawings-4- Figure'l is a vertical elevation. Figure 2, a section through. the axis of the cylinder.

I do not claim the enameiiing of the inner surface of metal pump-cylinders, along the track of the piston. I claim an air-chamber, and the passages connected therewith, having a porcelain-enamel surface, as and for the purpose described. n 'A JGS. W. DOUGLAS.

Witnesses: l

J No. M. DOUGLAS, GEO. M. SMITH.'

Then a mixture of fusible earthy matter is 

